The symptoms of pneumonia can range from mild to severe, and parents should be aware of the signs in order to prevent the risk of serious illness in their children. Keep reading to learn more about the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of childhood pneumonia.
What is Pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that often develops after a viral (or, less commonly, bacterial) illness. Most cases of pneumonia in kids are caused by common childhood viruses such as flu or RSV. Pneumonia can become life-threatening, especially for children under the age of two. It is important to monitor kids for signs of pneumonia.
Symptoms of Pneumonia
Symptoms of pneumonia in children can be mild or severe and may include:
- Fever
- Chills
- Fast breathing
- Labored breathing
- Persistent cough
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Wheezing
- Vomiting
- Chest pain
- Stomach pain
- Lethargy
- Nausea/vomiting
- Sweating
- Diarrhea
- Confusion
- Loss of appetite (in children) or poor feeding (in babies)
- Green, yellow, or even bloody mucus
- Blue lips or nails
Diagnosis of Pneumonia
A physical exam can help identify signs of pneumonia. Your child’s doctor will likely look at indicators such as your child’s appearance, breathing, and vital signs (such as blood oxygen level). They will also listen to your child’s lungs and consider if further testing is needed. A diagnosis of pneumonia is often confirmed by a chest X-ray, blood tests, or sputum (mucus) testing.
Treatment of Pneumonia
If the source of your child’s pneumonia infection is viral, your doctor will not prescribe antibiotics. Antiviral medication may be able to help instead, especially if the infection is caught early on.
Bacterial pneumonia can be treated with oral or even IV antibiotics when needed. Children who are admitted to the hospital may receive breathing treatments, IV antibiotics, and fluids.
Parents can help assist their child’s recovery by offering plenty of fluids, relieving symptoms through over-the-counter (OTC) medications such as Tylenol or Advil, and ensuring that their child gets plenty of rest. Keep in mind th